The skin becomes thinner, laxer, and more finely wrinkled through sun exposure, chronological aging, and stress. BUT....the topical use of retinoids can offer significant clinical improvement!!!Skin atrophies as it ages, evident by a thinner epidermis and dermis, reduced keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Much of the skin’s texture is determine by collagen and its synthesis within the dermal area. Sun-exposed areas, compared to sun-protected skin (i.e buttocks), has less collagen formation. Collagen synthesis can be stimulated by CO2 laser resurfacing and topical retinoic acid. Retinol is a precursor of retinoic acid, and is much easier on the skin that retinoic acid.
Applied topically, retinol is oxidized to retinoic acid and starts to reverse skin atrophy.
The multiple effects of topical retinol are increased matrix molecules, collagen and hyaluronic acid within the skin’s dermis. Hyaluronic acid is glycosaminoglycan that serves as an important component of many body tissues and the extracellular matrix. After retinol stimulates and replaces key skin materials, results can seen by the naked eye as early as 2 weeks, but most see significant results by week 4. Whether your wrinkles are caused by natural aging or sun-exposure, both can effectively be treated by retinol due to its pro-collagen synthesis.
Ideal treatment regimens consists of using 0.4% topical retinol cream applied 3 times per week. Stop treatment if irritation or other negative side-effects develop. Do not mix cream with other ointments, and allow the cream to be absorbed by the skin. 
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